{"id":3151,"date":"2022-11-16T14:17:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-16T13:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/flora-vysokych-tatier-spoznajte-horske-kvety-slovenska\/"},"modified":"2023-03-06T12:51:04","modified_gmt":"2023-03-06T11:51:04","slug":"flora-vysokych-tatier-spoznajte-horske-kvety-slovenska","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/flora-vysokych-tatier-spoznajte-horske-kvety-slovenska\/","title":{"rendered":"Fl\u00f3ra Vysok\u00fdch Tatier – spoznajte horsk\u00e9 kvety Slovenska"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Fl\u00f3ra Vysok\u00fdch Tatier – spoznajte horsk\u00e9 kvety Slovenska<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n

TANAP je ve\u013ek\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park<\/strong> s mno\u017estvom rastl\u00edn. Fl\u00f3ra je preto ve\u013emi rozmanit\u00e1 a l\u00ed\u0161i sa pod\u013ea vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch p\u00e1siem a \u00farovn\u00ed, s\u00fa tu submota\u010dn\u00e9, horsk\u00e9, subalp\u00ednske, alp\u00ednske a doslova arktick\u00e9 p\u00e1sma.<\/p>\n\n

Niektor\u00e9 druhy s\u00fa cennej\u0161ie<\/strong> ako in\u00e9, ale v\u0161etky s\u00fa pr\u00edsne chr\u00e1nen\u00e9<\/strong>. V parku je zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 trha\u0165 kvety<\/strong>. Niektor\u00e9 druhy s\u00fa chr\u00e1nen\u00e9 viac, preto\u017ee s\u00fa endemick\u00e9,<\/strong> \u010do znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nerast\u00fa na \u017eiadnom inom mieste na svete.<\/p>\n\n

Niektor\u00e9 druhy s\u00fa navy\u0161e glaci\u00e1lnymi reliktmi<\/strong>, preto\u017ee pre\u017eili doby \u013eadov\u00e9 a \u017eili nieko\u013eko mili\u00f3nov rokov. V\u0161etky s\u00fa v\u0161ak ve\u013emi kr\u00e1sne<\/strong> a oplat\u00ed sa o nich vedie\u0165 viac.<\/p>\n\n

Brusnica \u010du\u010doriedkov\u00e1 = \u010du\u010doriedka oby\u010dajn\u00e1 – <\/strong>Vaccinium myrtillus<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"Flóra<\/figure>\n\n

Mal\u00fd kr\u00edk s \u010du\u010doriedkami s v\u00fd\u0161kou 15-60 cm kvitne od apr\u00edla do j\u00fana a jeho kvety maj\u00fa bielu alebo jemne ru\u017eov\u00fa farbu. Plody maj\u00fa ve\u013ekos\u0165 hr\u00e1\u0161ku tmavomodrofialovej a\u017e \u010diernej farby.<\/p>\n\n

S\u00fa sladk\u00e9 a farebn\u00e9. Hoci ich m\u00f4\u017eete jes\u0165, mali by ste ich necha\u0165 zvierat\u00e1m, s\u00fa to skvel\u00e9 doplnky potravy pre medvede <\/a>a in\u00e9 zvierat\u00e1. Okrem Eur\u00f3py ho m\u00f4\u017eete n\u00e1js\u0165 v hor\u00e1ch Kaukazu, na Sib\u00edri, v Mongolsku a Severnej Amerike.<\/p>\n\n

Vrbovka \u00fazkolist\u00e1 – <\/strong>Chamerion angustifolium<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Je to trvalka s v\u00fd\u0161kou od 50 do 200 cm. Po siln\u00fdch vetern\u00fdch smr\u0161tiach, ke\u010f popadalo ve\u013ea stromov, sa t\u00e1to rastlina roz\u0161\u00edrila na plochu cel\u00fdch Vysok\u00fdch Tatier. V\u010faka tomu Tatry vyzeraj\u00fa ru\u017eovo. Kvety maj\u00fa svie\u017eu ru\u017eovo-fialov\u00fa farbu.<\/p>\n\n

Jeden kvet m\u00e1 \u0161tyri okvetn\u00e9 l\u00edstky a kvitne od j\u00fana do septembra. Ve\u013emi \u00fazke listy maj\u00fa 1-2 cm a d\u013a\u017eku 5-20 cm a s\u00fa tmavozelen\u00e9. Plodom je 4-8 cm dlh\u00e1 tobolka s mno\u017estvom semien.<\/p>\n\n

Rastlina je roz\u0161\u00edren\u00e1 v Eur\u00f3pe, Severnej Amerike, \u00c1zii a na Sib\u00edri v nadmorsk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kach do cca. 1 500 metrov nad morom.<\/p>\n\n

Bodliak sivast\u00fd – <\/strong>Carduus defloratus<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Tento druh rastie v strednej Eur\u00f3pe v Karpatoch a v\u00fdchodn\u00fdch Alp\u00e1ch, m\u00e1 r\u00e1d vlhk\u00fd skalnat\u00fd ter\u00e9n v horskom a alp\u00ednskom stupni a kvitne od j\u00fana do septembra. Ako hovor\u00ed jeho n\u00e1zov, farba jeho stonky a listov je zeleno\u0161ed\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Stonka je preva\u017ene rovn\u00e1, bez vetiev a je dlh\u00e1 a\u017e 60 cm. Pomerne ve\u013ek\u00e9 listy rast\u00face najm\u00e4 v dolnej \u010dasti stonky. Listy m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 r\u00f4zne tvary, od vaj\u00ed\u010dkov\u00fdch, cez dla\u0148ov\u00e9 a srdcov\u00e9 a\u017e po kopijovit\u00e9. Bodliak nie je ve\u013emi priate\u013esk\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Rastlina m\u00e1 \u0161picat\u00e9 listy. Zlo\u017een\u00e9 kvety s\u00fa usporiadan\u00e9 v ant\u00f3dii ru\u017eovej, fialovej, \u010dervenej alebo zriedkavo bielej farby, s\u00fa ostnat\u00e9 a m\u00f4\u017eu v\u00e1s a hmyz \u013eahko chyti\u0165.<\/p>\n\n

Prilbica tuh\u00e1 prav\u00e1 – <\/strong>Aconitum firmum<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Aconitum je endemick\u00e1 rastlina Karp\u00e1t a rastie najm\u00e4 v Z\u00e1padn\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch, m\u00e1 rada vlhk\u00e9 p\u00f4dy v bl\u00edzkosti potokov v horskom stupni. Rovnako ako v\u0161etky ostatn\u00e9 rastliny je to trvalka, ktor\u00e1 dorast\u00e1 do v\u00fd\u0161ky 150 cm. Stonka je siln\u00e1, celkom rovn\u00e1, na vrchole trochu chlpat\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

M\u00f4\u017eete vidie\u0165, \u017ee listy maj\u00fa tvar dlane. Zlo\u017een\u00e9 kvety s\u00fa usporiadan\u00e9 do \u00faboru tmavomodrofialovej farby. Jednotliv\u00e9 kvety meraj\u00fa a\u017e 3,5 cm a s\u00fa tie\u017e trochu chlpat\u00e9. Jej n\u00e1zov je pod\u013ea prilby, preto\u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 kvety sa na \u0148u podobaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n

Kvitne od j\u00fala do augusta. Pozor, jedovat\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Ma\u010ducha cesna\u010dkovit\u00e1 – <\/strong>Adenostyles alliariae<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

T\u00e1to rastlina je charakteristick\u00e1 pre podhorsk\u00fd a horsk\u00fd ter\u00e9n s nadmorskou v\u00fd\u0161kou do 1 700 m n. m., kvet m\u00e1 pomerne siln\u00fa a vysok\u00fa stonku – a\u017e 150 cm, listy maj\u00fa srdcovit\u00fd tvar a ve\u013ekos\u0165 do 40 cm.<\/p>\n\n

Spodn\u00e1 strana je svetlej\u0161ia, m\u00e1 zlo\u017een\u00e9 kvety usporiadan\u00e9 do ve\u013ek\u00fdch ant\u00f3d s d\u013a\u017ekou 20 cm. Jednotliv\u00e9 kvety maj\u00fa \u010dervenofialov\u00fa farbu, niekedy m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 biele a kvitn\u00fa od j\u00fala do augusta. Pova\u017euje sa za cenn\u00fd, a preto je chr\u00e1nen\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Stra\u010don\u00f4\u017eka tatransk\u00e1 – <\/strong>Delphinium oxysepalum<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Delfinium je endemick\u00e1 rastlina v Z\u00e1padn\u00fdch Karpatoch. Slovensko je jedinou krajinou, kde mo\u017eno vidie\u0165 t\u00fato jedine\u010dn\u00fa rastlinu, ktor\u00e1 ob\u00fdva vy\u0161\u0161ie polohy v subalp\u00ednskom a alp\u00ednskom stupni horsk\u00fdch l\u00fak, je vysok\u00e1 a\u017e 60 cm a na vrcholoch stoniek je chlpat\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n

Delphinium m\u00e1 pomerne ve\u013ek\u00e9 listy, delen\u00e9 a v tvare dlane. \u013dudia m\u00f4\u017eu vidie\u0165 zmie\u0161an\u00fa farbu modrej a fialovej a tvar korunky, kalicha, rast\u00fa husto na vrchole stonky, s\u00fa chlpat\u00e9 a dlh\u00e9 2 – 4 cm. Z profilu vyzeraj\u00fa ako mal\u00e9 tr\u00fabky.<\/p>\n\n

Py\u0161tek oby\u010dajn\u00fd – <\/strong>Linaria vulgaris<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Muchotr\u00e1vka je vytrval\u00e1 rastlina, m\u00f4\u017ee dor\u00e1s\u0165 a\u017e do 60 cm, jej celkov\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ka je 30 cm a listy s\u00fa \u00fazke a dlh\u00e9 a\u017e 6 cm. Zlo\u017een\u00e9 kvety s\u00fa vytvoren\u00e9 zo zhluku \u017elt\u00fdch kvetov s oran\u017eov\u00fdmi hrbol\u010dekmi a kr\u00e1snou v\u00f4\u0148ou.<\/p>\n\n

\u013dudia ju tak naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa preto, lebo kvety vyzeraj\u00fa ako pery, plody maj\u00fa podobu tobolky s mno\u017estvom semien a kvitne od j\u00fana do septembra. Je ve\u013emi roz\u0161\u00edren\u00fd v Eur\u00f3pe, Severnej Amerike, Argent\u00edne, Ju\u017enej Afrike a na Novom Z\u00e9lande.<\/p>\n\n

Kamzi\u010dn\u00edk rak\u00fasky – <\/strong>Doronicum austriacum<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Doronicum je pomerne vysok\u00fd a siln\u00fd, m\u00f4\u017ee dor\u00e1s\u0165 a\u017e do 150 cm. Zvy\u010dajne m\u00e1 dve alebo tri vetvy. Stonky s\u00fa tenk\u00e9, ale siln\u00e9, listy maj\u00fa tvar srdca alebo dlane a kvety s\u00fa svie\u017eo \u017elt\u00e9 a po\u010das kvitnutia sa po stran\u00e1ch zmen\u0161uj\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n

Kamzi\u010dn\u00edk ob\u013eubuje lesy a l\u00faky v bl\u00edzkosti potokov v podhorsk\u00fdch a horsk\u00fdch poloh\u00e1ch, kvitne od j\u00fana do augusta a v sloven\u010dine sa naz\u00fdva po kamz\u00edkovi, preto\u017ee alpsk\u00ed lovci kamz\u00edkov ho jedli, aby sa im nezamotala hlava.<\/p>\n\n

\n\n

Pridajte sa k na\u0161ej prehliadke \u0161tyroch n\u00e1rodn\u00fdch parkov na Slovensku<\/a><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n
\n\n

Poniklec slovensk\u00fd – <\/strong>Pulsatilla slavica<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Pulsatilla je z\u00e1padokarpatsk\u00fd endemit a ve\u013emi chr\u00e1nen\u00e1 rastlina, rastie na strednom a v\u00fdchodnom Slovensku a v oblasti Vysok\u00fdch Tatier a\u017e do Po\u013eska a m\u00e1 rada skalnat\u00e9, najm\u00e4 v\u00e1pencov\u00e9 podlo\u017eie a slne\u010dn\u00e9 miesta.<\/p>\n\n

Ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 s\u00fa v\u0161ak vy\u0161\u0161ie nadmorsk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky a\u017e do 1 750 metrov nad morom. Kvitne od marca do m\u00e1ja, a preto je na tejto fotografii rastlina presvetlen\u00e1, av\u0161ak jej kvety maj\u00fa ru\u017eovo-fialov\u00e9 zvon\u010dekovit\u00e9 a miskovit\u00e9 kvety so \u0161iestimi okvetn\u00fdmi l\u00edstkami a \u017elt\u00fdm stredom.<\/p>\n\n

Zvon\u010dek mali\u010dk\u00fd – <\/strong>Campanula cochleariifolia<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Campanula m\u00e1 rada skalnat\u00fd ter\u00e9n, preto rastie v Alp\u00e1ch, Pyrenejach, Apenin\u00e1ch a Karpatoch, vo Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch sa vyskytuje a\u017e do v\u00fd\u0161ky 2 200 m n. m. a jej v\u00fd\u0161ka je app. 15 cm.<\/p>\n\n

Listy rast\u00fa v ru\u017eici a maj\u00fa vajcovit\u00fd, srdcovit\u00fd tvar, rastliny maj\u00fa svetlomodr\u00fa, fialov\u00fa farbu a rast\u00fa bu\u010f jednotlivo, alebo v mal\u00fdch trsoch. Zvon\u010deky vyzeraj\u00fa ako 2 cm dlh\u00e9 koruny, ako zvon\u010deky – preto sa tak naz\u00fdvaj\u00fa, kvitn\u00fa od j\u00fana do septembra a plodom je \u0161i\u0161kovit\u00e1 tobolka.<\/p>\n\n

Rozchodnica ru\u017eov\u00e1 – <\/strong>Rhodiola rosea<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Rhodiola m\u00e1 a\u017e 30 cm vysok\u00e9 stonky, ktor\u00e9 nemaj\u00fa \u017eiadne vetvy, s\u00fa vysoko olisten\u00e9 a listy s\u00fa pomerne hrub\u00e9 a \u0161picat\u00e9. V plnom kvete s\u00fa kvety \u017elt\u00e9 s \u010derven\u00fdmi koncami a spodnou \u010das\u0165ou. Na na\u0161ej fotografii kvet e\u0161te nekvitne.<\/p>\n\n

Rastie v arktick\u00fdch a subarktick\u00fdch oblastiach severnej Eur\u00f3py, \u00c1zie – Mongolsko, Rusko, \u010c\u00edna, K\u00f3rea a Severn\u00e1 Amerika, ob\u013eubuje skalnat\u00fd ter\u00e9n horsk\u00e9ho a subalp\u00ednskeho stup\u0148a a vo Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch, je ve\u013emi chr\u00e1nen\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Iskern\u00edk vysokotatransk\u00fd – <\/strong>Ranunculus altitatrensis<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Vo Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch sa vyskytuje ve\u013emi ve\u013ea druhov masliakov. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina z nich m\u00e1 p\u00e4\u0165 \u017elt\u00fdch okvetn\u00fdch l\u00edstkov, l\u00ed\u0161ia sa drobn\u00fdmi prvkami. Mal\u00fd na obr\u00e1zku patr\u00ed medzi tatransk\u00e9 endemity, a preto je ve\u013emi chr\u00e1nen\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n

Rastie vo vy\u0161\u0161\u00edch nadmorsk\u00fdch v\u00fd\u0161kach, pribli\u017ene 2 300 metrov nad morom. Preto dostala svoje meno, kvet rastie na 5 a\u017e 10 cm dlh\u00fdch stonk\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n

Dry\u00e1dka osemlupienkov\u00e1 – <\/strong>Dryas octopetala<\/em><\/h3>\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n

Dry\u00e1dka dostala svoje meno v\u010faka \u00f4smim okvetn\u00fdm l\u00edstkom bielej farby, ktor\u00e9 rast\u00fa na 3-10 cm dlhej stopke. Listy dry\u00e1dky s\u00fa na jednej strane hladk\u00e9 a na spodnej strane chlpat\u00e9, rastie v horsk\u00fdch oblastiach s v\u00e1pencov\u00fdm podlo\u017e\u00edm v nadmorskej v\u00fd\u0161ke okolo 2 300 metrov.<\/p>\n\n

Vyskytuje sa v celej arktickej oblasti, tie\u017e v \u0160kandin\u00e1vii, na Islande a Alja\u0161ke, vo Vysok\u00fdch Tatr\u00e1ch je pr\u00edsne chr\u00e1nen\u00fd, preto\u017ee ide o glaci\u00e1lny relikt.<\/p>\n\n

Ak sa v\u00e1m n\u00e1\u0161 pr\u00edspevok p\u00e1\u010di, m\u00f4\u017eete ho zdie\u013ea\u0165 so svojimi priate\u013emi. \u010eakujeme.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Fl\u00f3ra Vysok\u00fdch Tatier – spoznajte horsk\u00e9 kvety Slovenska TANAP je ve\u013ek\u00fd n\u00e1rodn\u00fd park s mno\u017estvom rastl\u00edn. Fl\u00f3ra je preto ve\u013emi rozmanit\u00e1 a l\u00ed\u0161i sa pod\u013ea vegeta\u010dn\u00fdch p\u00e1siem a \u00farovn\u00ed, s\u00fa tu submota\u010dn\u00e9, horsk\u00e9, subalp\u00ednske, alp\u00ednske a doslova arktick\u00e9 p\u00e1sma. Niektor\u00e9 druhy s\u00fa cennej\u0161ie ako in\u00e9, ale v\u0161etky s\u00fa pr\u00edsne chr\u00e1nen\u00e9. V parku je zak\u00e1zan\u00e9 trha\u0165 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2676,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48,61,53,50,51,52,69,49,47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3151","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-chaty","category-flora-sk","category-leto","category-musite-vidiet","category-narodne-parky","category-slovensko","category-tradicne","category-turistika","category-vysoke-tatry-vysoke-tatry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3151","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3151"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3151\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3154,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3151\/revisions\/3154"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2676"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3151"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3151"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.adventoura.eu\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3151"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}